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Open Access

Regulation of STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways by trans-Anethole in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury and its gonadoprotective effect

Regulación de las vías de señalización de STAT3 y NF-κB por trans-Anetol en la lesión por isquemia-reperfusión testicular y su efecto gonadoprotector

  • Ugur Seker1,*,
  • Yasin Gökçe2
  • Bulent Kati3
  • Meral Yuksel4
  • Baris Can Guzel5
  • Majid Shokoohi6

1Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mardin Artuklu University, 47200 Mardin, Türkiye

2Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, 63050 Şanlıurfa, Türkiye

3Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, 63050 Şanlıurfa, Türkiye

4Department of Medical Laboratory, Vocational School of Health-Related Professions, Marmara University, 34865 Istanbul, Türkiye

5Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, 56100 Siirt, Türkiye

6Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 51656-87386 Tabriz, Iran

DOI: 10.22514/j.androl.2024.015 Vol.22,Issue 3,September 2024 pp.57-67

Submitted: 17 April 2024 Accepted: 02 July 2024

Published: 30 September 2024

*Corresponding Author(s): Ugur Seker E-mail: ugurseker@artuklu.edu.tr

Abstract

Testicular ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is a significant urological problem where clinical interventions may be inadequate, and the antioxidants might be potential co-treatment modalities. This study examined the gonadoprotective effect of trans-Anethole in testicular I/R injury. Twenty-eight male rats were divided into four groups. Rats in the I/R, I/R + t100, I/R + t200 groups underwent bilateral testicular I/R injury. The I/R + t100 and I/R + t200 groups received 100 or 200 mg/kg trans-Anethole at the 2nd hour of ischemia. Microscopic evaluations demonstrated that testicular I/R injury leads to severe testicular degeneration. Tissue oxidative stress, pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 associated X (Bax) and Caspase 3, pro-inflammatory Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) cytokines levels were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated when compared to the Control group. Additionally, transcription factors Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) levels increased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the Control group. Tissue disrupted parameters in the I/R + t200 group were significantly different (p < 0.05) from the I/R group, contrasting with the slight improvement in the I/R + t100 group. The STAT3 and NF-κB expression levels in the I/R + t200 group were significantly suppressed (p < 0.05) compared to the I/R group. In conclusion, our study indicates that trans-Anethole could enhance gonadoprotective activity in testicular I/R injury, potentially involving transcription factors STAT3 and NF-κB. However, before the consumption of trans-Anethole-containing natural or manufactured goods, the potential benefits and side effects should be carefully evaluated.


Resumen

La lesión por isquemia-reperfusión (I/R) testicular es un problema urológico importante en el que las intervenciones clínicas pueden resultar inadecuadas y los antioxidantes podrían ser posibles modalidades de cotratamiento. Este estudio examinó el efecto gonadoprotector del trans-Anetol en la lesión por I/R testicular. Se dividieron veintiocho ratas macho en cuatro grupos. Las ratas en los grupos I/R, I/R + t100, I/R + t200 sufrieron una lesión por I/R testicular bilateral. Los grupos I/R + t100 e I/R + t200 recibieron 100 o 200 mg/kg de trans-Anetol en la segunda hora de isquemia. Las evaluaciones microscópicas demostraron que la lesión por I/R testicular conduce a una degeneración testicular grave. El estrés oxidativo tisular, Bcl-2 associated X (Bax) y Caspase 3 proapoptóticas, las citocinas proinflamatorias Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) e Interleukin 6 (IL-6) aumentaron significativamente (p < 0.05) en comparación con el grupo de control. Además, los niveles de los factores de transcripción Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) y Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) aumentaron significativamente (p < 0.05) en comparación con el grupo de control. Los parámetros de tejido alterado en el grupo I/R + t200 fueron significativamente diferentes (p < 0.05) de los del grupo I/R, en contraste con la ligera mejoría en el grupo I/R + t100. Los niveles de expresión de STAT3 y NF-κB en el grupo I/R + t200 se suprimieron significativamente (p < 0.05) en comparación con el grupo I/R. En conclusión, nuestro estudio indica que el trans-Anetol podría mejorar la actividad gonadoprotectora en la lesión por I/R testicular, involucrando potencialmente a los factores de transcripción STAT3 y NF-κB. Sin embargo, antes de consumir productos naturales o manufacturados que contengan trans-Anetol, se deben evaluar cuidadosamente los posibles beneficios y efectos secundarios.


Keywords

Testis; Ischemia reperfusion injury; trans-Anethole; Apoptosis; Inflammation


Palabras Clave

Testículo; Lesión por isquemia-reperfusión; trans-Anetol; Apoptosis; Inflamación


Cite and Share

Ugur Seker,Yasin Gökçe,Bulent Kati,Meral Yuksel,Baris Can Guzel,Majid Shokoohi. Regulation of STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways by trans-Anethole in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury and its gonadoprotective effectRegulación de las vías de señalización de STAT3 y NF-κB por trans-Anetol en la lesión por isquemia-reperfusión testicular y su efecto gonadoprotector. Revista Internacional de Andrología. 2024. 22(3);57-67.

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