Grape sustains male fertility in lead acetate induced testicular dysfunction more efficiency than ginger

La uva favorece la fertilidad masculina en casos de disfunción testicular inducida por acetato de plomo con mayor eficacia que el jengibre

Background: Lead acetate is an environmental toxin that causes male dysfunction while grape and ginger have antioxidant activities. The ability to prevent infertility and optimal male fertilization of ginger and grape in the lead acetate-treated group were evaluated in this study. Methods: The study included 36 male albino rats arranged in six equal groups; Control, Grape (75 mg/kg), Ginger (500 mg/kg), Lead acetate (30 mg/kg), Grape (75 mg/kg) prior to lead acetate (30 mg/kg) and Ginger (500 mg/kg) prior to lead acetate (30 mg/kg) groups, respectively. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones, serum sex hormone-binding globulin and testosterone were measured in the serum. The testis tests include cholesterol, total protein, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were detected. The hypothalamus, testis and sperm antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde) were measured. Sperm monoclonal proliferating antibody Ki-67 was assessed together with sperm counts, motility, and abnormalities. The testis, sperm and hypothalamus adenosine 5′-triphosphatase (ATPase) and nuclear factor-kappa B activities were examined. Results: Administration of lead acetate orally reduced levels of sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, sperm count and motility, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, glutathione, serum testosterone and superoxide dismutase, whereas elevated levels of total protein, cholesterol, luteinizing hormone, sex hormone-binding globulin, serum follicle-stimulating hormone, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and nuclear factor kappa B levels. Lead acetate induced abnormal sperm, as well as the proportion of first spermatocyte, second spermatocyte, spermatid and spermatogonia to higher levels. Additionally, every parameter that was previously described came back to be near control levels after the oral treatment with ginger and grape prior to lead acetate-treated group. Conclusions: In testicular toxicity caused by lead acetate, grape preserves male fertility and conception more effectively than ginger.

Resumen

Antecedentes: El acetato de plomo es una toxina ambiental que causa disfunción masculina, mientras que la uva y el jengibre tienen actividades antioxidantes. En este estudio se evaluó la capacidad de prevenir la infertilidad y la fertilización masculina óptima del jengibre y la uva en el grupo tratado con acetato de plomo. Métodos: El estudio incluyó 36 ratas albinas macho dispuestas en seis grupos iguales; Control, Uva (75 mg/kg), Jengibre (500 mg/kg), Acetato de plomo (30 mg/kg), Uva (75 mg/kg) antes del acetato de plomo (30 mg/kg) y Jengibre (500 mg/kg) antes del acetato de plomo (30 mg/kg), respectivamente. Se midieron en el suero el sulfato de dehidroepiandrosterona, las hormonas luteinizante y estimulante del folículo, la globulina transportadora de hormonas sexuales séricas y la testosterona. Las pruebas de testículo incluyen colesterol, proteína total, 3β-hidroxiesteroide deshidrogenasa y glucosa-6-fosfato deshidrogenasa. Se midieron los antioxidantes del hipotálamo, los testículos y los espermatozoides (superóxido dismutasa, glutatión y malondialdehído). Se evaluó el anticuerpo monoclonal proliferante Ki-67 en los espermatozoides, junto con el recuento, la motilidad y las anomalías espermáticas. Se examinaron las actividades de la ATPasa y el factor nuclear kappa B en los testículos, los espermatozoides y el hipotálamo. Resultados: La administración oral de acetato de plomo redujo los niveles de actividad de la ATPasa de sodio/potasio, el recuento y la motilidad espermática, el sulfato de dehidroepiandrosterona, el glutatión, la testosterona sérica y la superóxido dismutasa, mientras que los niveles elevados de proteína total, colesterol, hormona luteinizante, globulina transportadora de hormonas sexuales, hormona folículo estimulante sérica, glucosa-6-fosfato deshidrogenasa, 3β-hidroxiesteroide deshidrogenasa y los niveles del factor nuclear kappa B. El acetato de plomo indujo espermatozoides anormales, así como una mayor proporción de primer espermatocito, segundo espermatocito, espermátida y espermatogonias. Además, todos los parámetros descritos previamente se mantuvieron cerca de los niveles control tras el tratamiento oral con jengibre y uva, antes del grupo tratado con acetato de plomo. Conclusiones: En la toxicidad testicular causada por acetato de plomo, la uva preserva la fertilidad masculina y la concepción con mayor eficacia que el jengibre.

Grape; Ginger; Lead acetate; Hypothalamus; Testis; Sperm; Oxidative stress

Palabras Clave

Uva; Jengibre; Acetato de plomo; Hipotálamo; Testículo; Esperma; Estrés oxidativo

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