A prospective comparative study of the effect of video education on pain and anxiety in patients undergoing TRUS-guided prostate biopsy

Un estudio comparativo prospectivo del efecto de la educación en video sobre el dolor y la ansiedad en pacientes que se someten a una biopsia de próstata guiada por TRUS

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dynamic video education compared to static images and verbal information on pain perception and anxiety in patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-Bx). Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted including patients scheduled for TRUS-Bx. Participants were assigned to three groups: control (verbal information), video (verbal plus dynamic video), and image (verbal plus static images). Pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and anxiety was assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before and after the procedure. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Depending on data distribution, group comparisons were conducted using either the Kruskal-Wallis test or Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). An a priori power analysis was performed using G*power to determine the appropriate sample size. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 223 male patients undergoing TRUS-Bx were included in the study, with 73 (32.7%) in the Control Group, 83 (37.2%) in the Video Group, and 67 (30.1%) in the Image Group. Post-procedural pain levels increased significantly in all groups. The video group reported significantly lower pain scores compared to the image group (p = 0.004), indicating the effectiveness of dynamic video education in reducing pain perception. Significant differences were observed in post-procedural state anxiety (STAI-1), with a p-value of 0.041 between groups and anxiety increased after the procedure overall. Conclusions: Dynamic video education significantly reduces pain perception during TRUS-Bx but does not have a significant impact on acute procedural anxiety. Clinical Trial Registration: The study was retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as: NCT07156747.

Resumen

Antecedentes: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos de la educación mediante video dinámico en comparación con imágenes estáticas e información verbal sobre la percepción del dolor y la ansiedad en pacientes sometidos a biopsia de próstata guiada por ultrasonido transrectal (TRUS-Bx). Métodos: Se realizó un estudio comparativo prospectivo que incluyó a pacientes programados para TRUS-Bx. Los participantes fueron asignados a tres grupos: control (información verbal), video (verbal más video dinámico) e imagen (verbal más imágenes estáticas). La intensidad del dolor se midió utilizando la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), y la ansiedad se evaluó con el Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo (STAI) antes y después del procedimiento. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron utilizando el software SPSS. Dependiendo de la distribución de los datos, las comparaciones entre grupos se realizaron utilizando la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis o ANOVA. Se realizó un análisis de potencia a priori utilizando G*power para determinar el tamaño de muestra adecuado. Un valor p de < 0.05 se consideró estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: Un total de 223 pacientes masculinos sometidos a TRUS-Bx fueron incluidos en el estudio, con 73 (32.7%) en el Grupo de Control, 83 (37.2%) en el Grupo de Video, y 67 (30.1%) en el Grupo de Imagen. Los niveles de dolor post-procedimiento aumentaron significativamente en todos los grupos. El grupo de video informó puntuaciones de dolor significativamente más bajas en comparación con el grupo de imágenes (p = 0.004), lo que indica la efectividad de la educación dinámica en video para reducir la percepción del dolor. Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias significativas en la ansiedad estado post-procedimiento (STAI-1), con un valor p de 0.041 entre los grupos, aunque la ansiedad aumentó en general después del procedimiento. Conclusiones: La educación dinámica en video reduce significativamente la percepción del dolor durante la TRUS-Bx, pero no tiene un impacto significativo en la ansiedad aguda del procedimiento. Registro del Ensayo Clínico: El estudio fue registrado de forma retrospectiva en ClinicalTrials.gov con el identificador: NCT07156747.

Prostate biopsy; Video education; Pain perception; Anxiety; Patient preparation

Palabras Clave

Biopsia de próstata; Educación en video; Percepción del dolor; Ansiedad; Preparación del paciente

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